KETJU Research

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Tokenized real-world assets

Re

Not approved Off-chain credit is outside the approved structures
Issued
2026-08-14
Last confirmed
2026-08-14
Next check due
2026-11-15
Chains
Ethereum · No freeze key

Re converts stablecoin deposits into legally binding surplus-note financing for regulated reinsurers. reUSD and reUSDe occupy different positions and redemption schedules, but both ultimately depend on custodians, Section 114 trusts, actuaries and insurance-company performance outside Ethereum. This class application is not an allegation of impairment.

The research file

Mechanism

Re says capital is advanced through surplus notes junior to policyholders. reUSD targets the higher of a short risk-free benchmark plus a spread or a basis-yield formula, while reUSDe accepts greater underwriting exposure. Assets and insurance obligations sit in regulated off-chain structures; hashes and third-party reports attest rather than settle them.

Control and evidence

A Section 114 trust, custodians, regulated reinsurers and an actuary constrain deployment and capital release. Daily reporting and legal ring-fencing are meaningful controls, but tokenholders cannot independently value reserves, adjudicate claims or enforce surplus notes from Ethereum. No adverse-loss finding is made here.

Exit consequences

Re documents an actuarially sized instant-liquidity buffer for reUSD, followed by a monthly queue; redemption remains subordinate to regulatory minimum capital. reUSDe uses quarterly, potentially pro-rata windows or secondary-market sale. The dollar label therefore does not create demand liquidity.

Why the class rule decides

The yield and recovery depend materially on off-chain insurance contracts, legal priority and capital release. That is the off-chain-credit class even where principal-protection features improve seniority. Review reopens with granular portfolio and reserve data, independent actuarial validation, realized loss development and stressed queue performance.

Class rule

The off chain credit class is outside the approved structures, so every protocol in it is not approved until the rule changes. The rule is about the structure, not an adverse finding about this protocol, and it is not a client instruction. The events that would reopen it are listed with the memo.

Sources

The claims above trace to these. Where a number could not be independently verified, the thesis says so.

Inherited controls

The research above describes the protocol layer. Every position also inherits the asset it holds and the chain it settles on. The layer with the most administrative power sets the position’s effective control; that describes control, not quality or suitability.

ChainVerdictControlControl constraint
EthereumApproved No freeze key No sequencer, no upgrade key, no operator who can be compelled. Rule changes require social consensus.
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